Job description or JD is a document that details information related to a job. It helps organizations to attract and hire the right candidates in a job, to review the performance of the employees and determined the training needs. It also helps candidates to understand the requirements, qualifications, expectations, salary amount and other information of a job which help them to choose and apply for a job that suit them. A job description should be well written and provide clear information about a job to the employees or applicants. A good JD must contain seven (7) essential elements which are job title, job summary, key responsibilities, qualifications, reporting structure, working conditions and compensation.
Job title
This is a name of a job. It describes the functions, roles and position of an employee in an organization. A job title helps organization to rank the jobs in an organization hierarchy and evaluating the salary amount a jobholder. But also helps applicants to know the job they are looking or applying for.
Job summary
This is a part which gives an overview of the key points described in a JD. Or in other hand, it gives the job details in summary. It aims at helping an applicant to know what a job entails even without reading a whole JD.
Responsibilities
This part defines the day-to-day duties or activities a job entails. This helps applicants to know the duties they will be performing when are hired. But also employers can use the outlined responsibilities to review the performance of the employees and determine the training needs.
Qualifications
These are specifications of a job, they include educational level, skills, knowledge, ability and experience. Qualifications help employers to attract best candidates to apply for a job as well as discourage unqualified candidates from applying a job, thus ensure a right candidate is hired in a job.
Reporting structure
This is a chain of command. It shows the employees or applicants to whom they should report to and who should report to them in a hierarchy system of an organization.
Working conditions
This part defines the environment where a job is performed. It includes factors that may affect a job such as working hours, location and regulations.
Compensation
This is an amount of salary or payment given to a jobholder in exchange for the work done. This part helps applicants to know an exact amount of salary in a job they want to apply for.
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Abbreviations and their meanings
- JD - Job description
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